196 过去完成时在间接引语中的用法

A 引导动词如果是一般过去时，直接引语中的现在完成时在间接引语中要变成过去完成时：

He said，‘I've been in England for ten years．'

他说：“我已经在英国住了十年了。”相当于：

He said that he had been in England for ten years．

他说他在英国已经住了十年。

He said，‘When you've worked for a year you'll get a rise．'

他说：“你工作一年之后，会加工资。”相当于：

He said that when I'd worked for a year I'd get a rise．

他说我工作一年之后会加工资。

She said，‘I'll lend you the book as soon as I have read it myself．'

她说：“我一看完这本书就借给你。”相当于：

She said she'd lend me the book as soon as she'd read it herself．

她说她一看完那本书就借给我。

B 直接引语中的一般过去时通常也作同样的变化：

He said，‘I knew her well．'

他说：“我过去很了解她。”相当于：

He said that he had known her well．

他说他过去很了解她。

但在许多情况下一般过去时保持不变。（参见第309节至第310节。）（关于条件句中if后的过去完成时，参见第223节；wish 和 only 之后的过去完成时，参见第300节；关于as if 和 as though 之后的过去完成时，参见第292节。）